Monday, January 9, 2012

Egypt's Generation Gap

Egypt has had many generations gaps due to the the fundamentals and beliefs of who ever is in charge. An article posted in Al-Ahram pleads "If one wishes to assess the achievements of various generations of Egyptians, one has to differentiate between the achievements of leaders and those of the nation. One has to assess not only the policies, but the end result. The history of contemporary Egypt, since the 1952 Revolution, can be divided into two parts. The first covers the 1950s and 1960s, a generation that saved the country's wealth. The second part covers the 1970s and 1980s, a generation that squandered the country's wealth...... We now have a generation that has forgotten how to fight foreign pacts. Instead, it prefers to stay on the good side of the Americans and Israelis. The result is that the Arab world has never been more vulnerable than it is today, when imperialism and Zionism threaten to shape the present of the region, and its future."

"Al-Ahram Weekly | Opinion | In Focus: The generation gap." Al-Ahram Weekly | Front Page. Web. 9 Jan. 2012. <http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2007/828/op33.htm>

Sunday, January 8, 2012

Recent News in Egypt

Currently, there is a lot going on in the news in Egypt. Because it is one of the most populous countries in the Arab world, and there haev been many protests over the past year discussing the parlimentary elections, there is a bit of chaos that has been underway. Since January of 2011 there have been many protests as well as not much support from their military or the U.S once their president, Mr. Mubarak, resigned. The Muslim Brotherhood Freedom believed that it was expected that the Parliament needs to be in control of who become the prime minister of the interim government. Although the military rulers want to make sure that there isnt a takeover Islamicist. There were many deaths in November as thousands of angry protestors appeared in Cairo at Tahrir Square. In December 2011, there were a couple hundred judges who wanted to quit after all the violence happening, such as the demonstrators getting attacked and beaten by the military police.

Recently, this new year 2012, prosecutors have asked a court to give the former president, Mr. Mubarak a very harsh penalty for everything that has happened recently in Egypt. The Obama administration is looking better in the eyes of Egypt because of the strength of the Muslim Brotherhood in the elections of the parliament. Egypt is becoming more trusting of the Obama administration. As of January 5th, because theres no proof of the authenticity of the allegations from the former president, the United States is willing to tolerate more action because of it.




"Egypt News - Revolution and Aftermath - The New York Times." Times Topics - The New York Times. 8 Jan. 2012. Web. 8 Jan. 2012. <http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/egypt/index.html>

Thursday, January 5, 2012

Traditional Egyptian Music and Dance

Music is very big in Egypt, every festivity, party, wedding, or celebration has vibrant music and dancing. In the Anceint period, the Egyptians tended to use a large variety of instruments, and the scale of the music was based on tones of five with no halftones. They used symbols, clappers, bells, tambourines, drums, flutes, trumpets, the harp and many more. Dancing was a very important custom in Egypt during celebrations and a ritual during weddings. Although Egyptians werent known to dance around in public if it wasnt for an event. Dancing was for both social and religious importance.



Here is a link to a short youtube video, in which an Arab man is dancing and twirling around for a few minutes with swords and other objects. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YfAl8jEJ1hk&feature=related>


Another video, http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6uS5a5u954 was from an Egyptian wedding that was held in Los Angeles, California were a belly dancer performed in the middle of the dance floor at the wedding reception.


The Wedding of Leila and Ahmed was a beautiful video to watch. It was an Egyptian wedding held in Jew Jersey. At the wedding reception there was Hisham Barakat and his band that led the bride and groom down the stairs on to the dance floor, playing their instruments. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4Oy4orPFmg




"Music and Dance in Egypt, Music and Dance of Egypt, Egyptian Music and Dance, Ancient Egypt Music and Dance." Cheap Hotels & Accommodation at AsiaRooms, the Last Minute Hotel reservations booking experts. Web. 6 Jan. 2012.
<http://www.asiarooms.com/en/travel-guide/egypt/culture-of-egypt/music-and-dance-in-egypt.html>

" Egyptian Wedding in Los Angeles - YouTube ." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. . N.p., 20 Oct. 2010. Web. 6 Jan. 2012. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O6uS5a5u954>.

" Arab Wedding Leila & Ahmed Part 1 - YouTube ." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. . N.p., 12 June 2011. Web. 6 Jan. 2012. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R4Oy4orPFmg>.

Wednesday, January 4, 2012

Literary Art in Egypt

The Art in the earliest times in Egypt consisted of drawings that were engraved on the cliffs, which was very different than the huge pyramids and temples that were built later on. These engravings were in Upper Egypt and Nubia near the Nile Valley. Some of the drawings consisted of hunting scenes while other depicted other fundamentals of their lives in the Neolithic period, such as herds of cattle and boats on rivers. There were some paintings on pottery during the Predynatic period to display and reflect preoccupations and different styles. There are many unique forms of literary art in Egypt that can be found on this website: <http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/artoverview.htm>

Ancient Egyptians made their own unique monuments and designed them to represent their religious beliefs. These cut statues would represent meaningful aspects of their religion that were important to their cult as well. Some were images of the dead portraying that they will survive in their next world.

The Egyptian art that is normally seen in museums or books pertain to modern aesthetic interests. Most of the Egyptian society's work was due to conformity and not individualistic portrayals.
All of the beautiful and unique forms of their literary art that I have come across, I have not been able to insert the photos taken of the art, but there are many that can be seen on: <http://www.gutenberg.org/files/17321/17321-h/v1a.htm> They are definitely worth looking at to compare the earliest finding of their art to the most modern.





Dunn, Jimmy. "Egypt: An Introduction to Egyptian Art 2." Egypt Travel Guide - Tour Egypt. Web. 4 Jan. 2012.

KING, L. W., and H. R. HALL. " Maspero's History of Egypt, Volume 13a by L. W. King and H. R. Hall ."Project Gutenberg. Web. 4 Jan. 2012. <http://www.gutenberg.org/files/17321/17321-h/v1a.htm>

Tuesday, January 3, 2012

A few of the Seven Wonders of Egypt


There were many artistic wonders and archeological sites in Egypt. The ancient civilization is what Egypt is most known for and some of the most famous sights and monuments in the world have been in Egypt. One of the sights to see is the Great Pyramid of Giza, located in Giza Egypt. This pyramid is one of the largest out of three, and this one is the oldest. This was built around 2560 BC over a twenty year period of time.

Abu Simbel is also another one of the Seven Wonder of Egypt and is an archaeological site made of two enormous rock temples. This is located in the Southwest of Aswan in Egypt and was also built over about a twenty-year span in the 13th century. Of all the temples of this time when the Pharaoh Ramesses II reigned, this was considered the most beautiful.


The Saqqara is located South of Cairo in Egypt and is a huge burial ground which has the largest step pyramid in the world. Imhotep for King Djoser was the designer of this pyramid at Saqqara and this served as the cemetery during Ancient Egypt even for Memphis, the capital at the time.



Sunita. "Sacred Rock-Cut Temple - "Abu Simbel" ." Blogger Base. Web. 3 Jan. 2012. <http://www.bloggersbase.com/travel/sacred-rock-cut-temple-abu-simbel/>

"Cobra Figures and the Step Pyramid Saqqara Egypt picture, Cobra Figures and the Step Pyramid Saqqara Egypt photo, Cobra Figures and the Step Pyramid Saqqara Egypt wallpaper."City Pictures, City Photos, City Wallpapers. Web. 3 Jan. 2012.<http://www.citypictures.org/r-africa-143-egypt-216-cobra-figures-and-the-step-pyramid-saqqara-egypt-2413.htm>

"Seven Wonders of Egypt." The Travel Channel. Web. 3 Jan. 2012. <http://www.travelchannel.com/interests/seven-wonders-of-the-world/articles/seven-wonders-of-egypt>

Friday, December 30, 2011

Women in Egypt


In the ancient world in Egypt, women were treated better than any other major civilization in the world. Although for non-royal women in a marriage, their known title was the "mistress of the house" (Thompson: http://www.womenintheancientworld.com/women_in_ancient_egypt.htm)and each meal was prepared by scratch. Not by rank, but by marital status and gender, set the foundational rules of where the person slept in the household.


In the article I read on BBc's News of the Middle East, A Women's place in the New Egypt, Leana Hosea stated "The role of women in the Egyptian revolution was vital to its success - from smuggling food and medical supplies into the square under their clothing, to ripping up the pavement for rocks and facing a barrage of Molotov cocktails.... Egyptian women proved to the world they were not voiceless and oppressed." (Leana Hosea 2011)

Female Revolutionaries in Cairo:
While looking the daily charts on the website "The Economist" I found many interesting facts about women in Egypt. There are about 83 million citizens in egypt and about half are women. I found out that about the same proportion of men and women in Egypt are likely to go to school for an education. Although statistics from 2006 show that women are paid less than men in most jobs. They are also are six times less likely to be someone's boss. I posted the URL if anyone is interested to watch the very short video on a few statistics gathered about Egyptian women.

After the Revolution in Tahrir Square, the harassment level to women in Egypt has been tremendously less if not none at all and much respect devoted to women. Wearing a veil is free choice:









"Women in Egypt: Still struggling | The Economist." The Economist - World News, Politics, Economics, Business & Finance. 21 Oct. 2011. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. <http://www.economist.com/blogs/dailychart/2011/10/women-egypt>

Thompson, James C.. "Women in Ancient Egypt." Home Page. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. <http://www.womenintheancientworld.com/women_in_ancient_egypt.htm>

Hosea, Leana. "BBC News - A woman's place in the new Egypt." BBC - Homepage. 23 Mar. 2011. Web. 31 Dec. 2011. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-12819919>

"Women in Egypt: ‘Why Not?’ « The DiA Blog." The DiA Blog. N.p., 13 Mar. 2011. Web. 31 Dec. 2011.<http://developmentinaction.wordpress.com/2011/03/14/women-in-egypt-why-not/>

Wednesday, December 28, 2011

Religious Traditions in Egypt



Currently Egypt has a population of about 71 million people throughout this country; roughly about sixty-two million are Sunni Muslims and the rest are Coptic Christians. As I have talked about before, these egyptians are moderately religious in which principles of religion are apparent in their daily lives. This beautiful country is one of most desirable countries to travel to considering the customs and generosity of the Egyptians. People in Egypt are very welcoming to visitors; they will greet them and offer them comfort in their houses, whether it is a seat to sit down or something to drink. Despite what the media says about Egypt, this Country is known to be moderately safe to travel to compared to western Countries and has very little or no relation to what the media says. Because of their family standards and traditions, whether they are Christian or Muslim, they tend to appeal to outsiders as the true hospitable hosts they truly are.

As all Muslims fast during Ramadan, their holy month, almost all Egyptians do the same. During this time it is known that during the time from the sun rise to the sun set they do not eat or drink, do not use profanity or think bad thoughts, instead it is their time to be thankful for all they have and to be living. This holy month brings everyone together in respect, love, to get to know each other, and to ask for forgiveness. Especially at night when they celebrate their traditions and put on activities.


The mosques are gathering places for worship to the faithful of Islam, in which tourists are welcome to view while a service is not in session. Their main services each week are usually at noon on Fridays, all arms must be covered and no shoes are to be worn in the mosques. On the day before Ramadan, 'Eid al-Fitr', the women and men gather together in the morning and either pray outside in a large place, or in the mosques.
The tradition for the Coptic Calendar during each year is very interesting and is centered around a solar cycle. This calendar is different in the sense that the twelve months are each of thirty days, and then it has one month of only five days. This calendar is used by the Coptic Orthodox Church authorities and by farmers that harvest crops.

About eighty-five percent of the women in Egypt stay virgins until they are married. They do so only for themselves but also as in terms of modesty. Staying a virgin until marriage is usually a common choice for the women in the Middle East because most of the men would rather marry a virgin anyways. They believe it is good karma is they wait and it also shows respect for themselves, as we also see in the United States in many religions as well.

Back during the time of the Old Kingdom, the religious beliefs of the Egyptians were ones they did not question or go against. Everything they were told by their family members were the truth they believed and followed. They believed in the Divine Kingship which was a tradition associated with the Pharaoh, their King and a God. The Pharaoh was their source of power and belief, in addition to their priests which held huge amounts of power as well. This was the time of the Ancient Egypt religion where there were many gods during one time, polytheistic, and then a time where only one god existed, monotheism. If things weren't going well, the egyptians blamed the priests and the Pharaoh. This time during the Old Kingdom was when they heavily relied on the afterlife concept; they buried the deceased in tombs, known as mummification, to preserve their bodies and give their spirit a place to go. This photo below is of Khafra, a pharaoh which was found in Mit Rahina. Today, this can be seen in Cairo, Egypt in the Egyptian Museum.


"Egypt Culture and Traditions, Egyptian traditions." Egypt Travel Information | Egypt Trips | Tours to Egypt | Egyptian tours | Trip advisor | Travel deals | Egypt Travel advice. Web. 28 Dec. 2011.<http://www.ask-aladdin.com/culture1.htm>

"Discover Egypt | Learn Arabic." Learn Arabic Online With Simple And Powerful Courses | Arab Academy. Web. 28 Dec. 2011. <http://www.arabacademy.com/arabic-blog/category/egypt-travel/>

"Religion of Ancient Egypt." Untitled Document. Web. 28 Dec. 2011. <http://historylink101.net/egypt_1/religion.htm>

"Egyptian Pharaoh Named Khafra - Images of Ancient Khafra (Egyptian People at Bible History Online)." Bible History Online Images and Resources for Biblical History. Web. 28 Dec. 2011. <http://www.bible-history.com/ibh/Egyptian+People/Khafra/Egyptian+Pharaoh+Named+Khafra>